Exercise conditioning definition of exercise conditioning by Medical dictionaryexercise ekser sz performance of physical exertion for improvement of health or correction of physical deformity. They must be administered at least twice weekly, with most programs conducted three to five or more times weekly. The contraction of major muscle groups must be repeated often enough to elevate the heart rate to a target level determined during testing. Used in the treatment of compromised cardiovascular systems, as in cardiac rehabilitation, or as a preventive measure. Mc. Kenzie exercise an exercise regimen used in the treatment of low back pain and sciatica, prescribed according to findings during mechanical examination of the lumbar spine and using a combination of lumbar motions, including flexion, rotation, side gliding, and extension. It is sometimes referred to as Mc. Kenzie extension exercises, but this is a misnomer because the regimen involves movements other than extension. Called also static exercise. The patient is instructed to contract the quadriceps muscle while at the same time elevating the heel and pushing the knee toward the mat. ROM es exercises that move each joint through its full range of motion, that is, to the highest degree of motion of which each joint normally is capable they may be either active or passive. Conditioning Program For Horses' title='Conditioning Program For Horses' />Examples of range of motion exercises. A, Flexion The bending of a joint. B, Extension A movement opposite to flexion in which a joint is in a straight position. C, Rotation Pivoting a body part around its axis, as in shaking the head. D, Abduction A movement of a limb away from the median plane of the body the fingers are abducted by spreading them apart. E, Adduction Moving toward the midline of the body or to the central axis of a limb. F, Circumduction A combination of movements that cause a body part to move in a circular fashion. G, Supination Extension of the forearm to bring the palm of the hand upward. H, Pronation Movement of the forearm in the extended position that brings the palm of the hand to a downward position. I, Inversion Movement of the ankle to turn the sole of the foot medially. J, Eversion Movement of the sole of the foot laterally. From Lammon et al., 1. See accompanying figure. Short duration forces can be obtained manually, but special traction devices, splints, and casts are generally used to apply low intensity forces for prolonged periods 3. Warming the soft tissue before or during stretching will generally facilitate lengthening. Called also stress testing. Clinical exercise testing has become an important tool in screening for and diagnosing early ischemic heart disease that cannot be detected by a standard resting EKG, and in predicting the probability of the development of the condition in later years. The technique cannot determine the location of the lesion causing cardiac ischemia and therefore must be supplemented with angiocardiography when coronary occlusion is detected. Common forms of exercise used include the treadmill and the bicycle ergometer. These procedures must be performed in a clinical setting where health care personnel are available in the event symptoms develop during exercise, such as dyspnea, vertigo, extreme fatigue, severe arrhythmias, or other abnormal EKG readings. A physical therapy program is owner and horseintensive in terms of time and energy for successful outcomes. Infectious diseases are those diseases that horses can get from each other, or via a vector, such as a mosquito, which may transmit the disease from horse to horse. Exercise testing also may be used to assess the pulmonary status of a patient with a respiratory disease. As the patient performs specific exercises, blood samples are drawn for blood gas analysis, and ventilatory function tests such as tidal volume, total lung capacity, and vital capacity are conducted. As with any type of therapy, a therapeutic exercise program is designed to correct specific disabilities of the individual patient. The program is evaluated periodically and modified as indicated by the patients progress and response to the prescribed regimen. Exercises affect the body locally and systemically and bring about changes in the nervous, circulatory, and endocrine systems as well as the musculoskeletal system. Among the types of therapeutic exercise are those that 1 increase or maintain mobility of the joints and surrounding soft tissues, 2 develop coordination through control of individual muscles, 3 increase muscular strength and endurance, and 4 promote relaxation and relief of tension. Joint Mobility. In the absence of a disability that prohibits mobility, the regular day to day activities of living maintain the normal movements of the joints. If, however, motion is restricted for any reason, the soft tissues become dense and hard and adaptive shortening of the connective tissues takes place. These changes begin to develop within four days after a joint has been immobilized and are evident even in a normal joint that has been rendered immobile. It is for this reason that therapeutic exercises to prevent loss of joint motion are so important and should be begun as soon as possible after an injury has occurred or a disease process has begun. Prevention of the loss of joint motion is much less costly and time consuming than correction of tissue changes that seriously impair joint mobility. It is recommended that each joint should be put through its full range of motion three times at least twice daily. If the patient is not able to carry out these exercises, he is assisted by a therapist or member of the family who has been instructed in the exercises. Inflammation of the joint, as in arthritis, may cause some pain on motion, and so passive exercises are done slowly and gently with the joint as relaxed as possible. Procedures that stretch tight muscles to increase joint motion should be done only by a skilled therapist who understands the hazards of fracture and bleeding within the joint, which can occur if the exercises are done improperly or too strenuously. Equerry-Conditioning-Mash-589x1024.jpg' alt='Conditioning Program For Horses' title='Conditioning Program For Horses' />Muscle Training. Exercises of this type are taught to the patient who has lost some control over a major skeletal muscle. By learning precise and conscious control over a specific muscle, the patient is able to strengthen and coordinate its movement with normal motor patterns and thus enhance mobility. Muscle training or neuromuscular re education demands full cooperation of the patient, who must be capable of understanding the purpose of the exercises, following directions, and giving full attention to the muscle isolated for retraining. The sessions are held in a quiet, comfortable atmosphere to facilitate concentration by the patient. The development of conscious control over individual muscles is useful in the rehabilitation of patients with a variety of disorders, including physical trauma, diseases such as poliomyelitis that affect the motor neurons, and congenital disorders such as cerebral palsy. It involves a systematic program of sequential activities under the direction of a therapist knowledgeable in the technique. Although it requires much effort on the part of the patient and the therapist, the attainment of muscle control and coordination is a satisfying reward. Muscle Strength and Endurance. Improvement of muscle strength and endurance is particularly important in the rehabilitation of patients whose goal is to return to an active and productive life after a debilitating illness or disabling injury. Psp 3004 Programs.